Holiness Behind Bars

(This article originally appeared in the Spring/Summer Issue #103 of the TAU-USA)

by Mary Esther Stewart, OFS

“In the field of the world, in human hearts, lies hid the treasure of eternal love.”

 St. Clare’s 3rd letter to St. Agnes of Prague

Esther: The phone rang. “Would you be willing to mentor a young man in prison who wants to be a Franciscan?” What a question! What a surprise! I’m always eager to share my life with anyone who is interested, but I never imagined being asked to share our Franciscan life with a prisoner on the other side of the United States.

I readily agreed. Then what I had agreed to hit me! Who is this fellow? What risk might I be taking? What am I getting into? My thoughts and doubts went on, but I didn’t back out. I asked that the young man write to me telling me about himself and what it was that he really wanted. I had to believe, “If the Spirit is in this, it will work out.”

In Joe’s first letter to me, he was open about himself, his past, and his sentence. He sounded very sincere in wanting to get involved in the Franciscan family. I decided to give him a chance.

Joe: I’m a convicted felon in a state prison. Getting me off the streets saved my life and maybe the lives of others. As I sit here “doing time,” I realize that my past is behind me. All I have is the present moment and what the future may bring. I want to be a Franciscan.

I made some big mistakes in my life. I was looking for the family that I never had, but I was looking in all the wrong places. Then one day we were visited by a prison minister who introduced me to a new family, the Franciscans. Whatever this guy had, I knew I wanted. He introduced me to the writings of St. Francis, and it was all uphill from there. I knew that in Francis I had found a brother, a model, and a soulmate.

I took a risk, a leap of faith, and connected with this lady who I may never meet. Will she judge me? Will I be a threat to her? Will she accept me with the love that I know I need? I put the stamp on the letter and put the letter on the mail cart. Then I waited patiently.

Esther: I figured that Joe probably didn’t know much about Francis and Franciscan life. My ego told me that I could certainly keep him busy with much more than he could ever give me. But the teacher in me said that first I had to test his willingness to take on our way of life.

I explained to Joe a process of using the Gospel of the day as a basis for contemplation paired with journaling and the personal value of such a prayer practice. If he didn’t want to do this, then there was no need for us to go any further. Joe had not had any experience of contemplative prayer using the Gospels, but he agreed to give it a try following the directions I gave him.

As we began sharing our reactions to the Gospels, I discovered a real depth to Joe. He would drop little remarks that stopped me in my tracks; he had wisdom and insights that really spoke to me. Several times Joe brought me to my knees with his comments and observations. I might be Joe’s mentor in Franciscan things, but Joe was quickly becoming my mentor, too.

Joe: There isn’t a lot for me to do in here. I pray a lot. But Esther introduced me to a new way of praying by getting directly into the Gospels every day. I wasn’t too sure about the writing part, but she encouraged me, and I gave it a try. It didn’t take long for me to discover a treasure that I didn’t want to give up. I began to teach the guys in here how to pray with the Gospels. Some seem to be taking to it.

My life in here can be pretty grim at times, but I was open with Esther when she asked, and she didn’t “scare off.” Instead of treating me like a curiosity that needed “fixing,” she joked about my fancy hotel, room service, and my five-star dining. We both got a good laugh.

Trust is hard in here. Any trust I had on the streets went out the window when the handcuffs went on. In here, we’re trapped and we’re alone. Esther was an answer to my prayers by introducing me to some super Franciscans like St. Bonaventure. As we work through our Franciscan sources, I’m more convinced that Franciscan life is for me. She now has phone privileges, and we have wonderful conversations including praying together. Nothing has scared her away. I’m beginning to trust, and I feel accepted.

Esther: I recently told Joe that I am his outside and he is my inside. I hope I’m taking him beyond the razor wire. We talk about ordinary things on the “inside” and on the “outside.” We laugh a lot. Other times Joe has questions about our Franciscan theology and spirituality, which I love to discuss with him. But we both feel that, most importantly, our interaction has allowed us to build trust in each other.

I have come to see my world through Joe’s eyes. The more I got to know Joe, the more I realized that he can’t do all that I do. When he’s on the road, he’s in handcuffs and shackles and no stops at McDonald’s. My walk with Joe is rough; just knowing about his life shakes me out of my comfort zone. I can no longer take my privileges and freedoms for granted. My prison friend is total gift.

Yes, Joe is surrounded by razor wire. I hope to take him beyond it. Buy my relationship with him has made me realize that I, too, am surrounded by razor wire. I’ve put up a lot of razor wire that keeps God out of my self-sufficient, independent lifestyle. Lord, give me the courage to be humble, to admit my need for You. Joe is my mentor, Your gift to me.

Joe: Nobody comes to prison to get a dose of love, acceptance, or encouragement. Maybe there was trust when I first got involved in criminal activity, but even that can disappear really fast. In our correspondence, Esther gives me hope that love and friendship are really alive and not just a fantasy. I did not imagine that I would discover love and trust while in here, especially from someone on the outside who’s free to interact with people of her own choosing. Who would choose to love and trust a convict?

Esther keeps reassuring me that I am loved more abundantly by God than my little heart or mind could possibly understand. If I’m loved by Him and by those who love Him, then I, too, need to love and trust because I am loved. It is a cycle of unending love. I cannot horde that love, not only because I’m Franciscan at heart and we truly embrace poverty and love, but because being loved is a call to love others.

Esther’s family can be my family, her Franciscan fraternity family can be mine, too. And my family grows with each prayer I offer for the people she has told me about. What I’ve received from our friendship has given me strength to share with the men I live with, to build them up and give them hope, to let them know that each day can begin with love because they are loved.

Conclusion: Joe and Esther keep right on going with their communications day-by-day, little by little. We share our lives and what’s going on with each of us. We share our love and our trust for each other. All we have is NOW. We have hope and new purpose to our lives. We believe that together we are an inside-outside team that can accomplish a much greater purpose than what we ever could have imagined.

Mary Esther Stewart, ofs, is a Secular Franciscan living in northern Arizona and formation director for St. Thomas More Region. Joseph M. is an inmate in a Florida correctional institution. Together they walk in love, trust, and friendship. They attempt to be instruments of God’s love to those with whom they come in contact.  MaryEsther can be contacted at maryestherstewart@gmail for information about writing to prison inmates.

https://secularfranciscansusa.org/2021/10/25/holiness-behind-bars/

Open post

FORMATION FRIDAY – Our Identify as OFS, Part II – October 22, 2021

Dear Brothers and Sisters, 
Today’s lesson is Part 2 or 3 lessons that focus upon our identity as Secular Franciscans.  We live in the world, our home, and where we serve the Lord.  How do we strive for Perfect Charity in our daily lives?  Our Rule, the Gospels, and the constitution help us to navigate our way.  
We can use this lesson for personal reflection and journaling.  If you wish to use this topic as an ongoing formation, it would be best to use all three parts together.  (Part 3 comes next week.)
P.S. I appreciated those who responded to last week’s lesson and to those who asked for various resources.  We always do better when we communicate and share.  Peace, Dona
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Our Identity as Secular Franciscans—From Baptism to Profession (Part 2 of 3)

[For personal formation take each part separately. For ongoing formation, all three parts will be useful when presented together and discussed.]

Refer to Anne Mulqueen, OFS-FUN Manual-Our Identity as a Secular Franciscan

 

When we profess our Rule, we are promising to live fully the promises made for us at Baptism. We actually strengthen our Baptismal promises. We are meant to carry God’s presence by word and action everywhere. We are to live our lives with enthusiasm as we carry out tasks for the Lord.

 

·        Our identity is rooted in secularity

·        We do not abandon our family responsibilities

·        We strive for “perfect charity in our own secular state.” (Rule article #2)

·        The world is our home and where we serve (Rule article #16)

 

Secularity is necessary:

We have a particular role in the family; procreation; our work in the world. We have access to areas of public life not open to religious. Diocesan clergy are “secular—not religious.” They can also be professed members of the Secular Franciscan Order.


The members of the OFS have a responsibility to show the world that the Gospel can be lived under all conditions and at every stage of life.  We seek to establish a society where peace and justice, joy and acceptance, understanding and forgiveness, reconciliation and relationships, become the consequence of our Franciscan call. (Rule article #14)

As Franciscans our service:

Is accomplished through faithfulness to our Rule and our effort to witness to the Gospel. (OFS Rule Art. 11)

·        Is influenced by our Founder—St. Francis

·        We bring the Franciscan spirit to all we do.

·        This is our gift to the church

·        Initial and ongoing formation keep us informed and attentive to our charism

·        We serve the Church and the world in the Franciscan spirit

Our Rule and Constitutions spell out the way the Spirit wishes us to do God’s will. They help us to build up God’s kingdom as we are called to do through Baptism. Read especially articles 4, 5, 8, and 13 of the Rule.

(To be continued next week)

For discussion or to answer in your journal:

+How do you carry God’s word and presence to others? Under what circumstances?

+At what times is it particularly difficult for you to live the Gospel in your secular state?

+What three things stand out in articles 4, 5, 8, and 13? Why are they important to us as Secular Franciscans?

 

 

++++++++++++++++++

 

Por favor, comparta con su fraternidad local.

Nuestra identidad como franciscanos seglares: del bautismo a la profesión (Parte 2 de 3)

[Para la formación personal tomar cada parte por separado. Para la formación permanente, las tres partes serán útiles cuando se presenten juntas y se discutan.]

Consulte Anne Mulqueen, OFS-FUN Manual-Our Identity as a Secular Franciscan

Cuando profesamos nuestra Regla, prometemos vivir plenamente las promesas que se nos hicieron en el Bautismo. De hecho, fortalecemos nuestras promesas bautismales. Estamos destinados a llevar la presencia de Dios por palabra y acción a todas partes. Debemos vivir nuestras vidas con entusiasmo mientras llevamos a cabo tareas para el Señor.

• Nuestra identidad tiene sus raíces en la secularidad

• No abandonamos nuestras responsabilidades familiares

• Nos esforzamos por lograr la “caridad perfecta en nuestro propio estado secular”. (Artículo de la regla # 2)

• El mundo es nuestro hogar y el lugar donde servimos (artículo de la regla 16)

 

La secularidad es necesaria:

Tenemos un papel particular en la familia; la procreación; nuestro trabajo en el mundo. Tenemos acceso a áreas de la vida pública que no están abiertas a los religiosos. El clero diocesano es “secular, no religioso”. También pueden ser miembros profesos de la Orden Franciscana Seglar.

Los miembros de la OFS tienen la responsabilidad de mostrar al mundo que el Evangelio se puede vivir en todas las condiciones y en todas las etapas de la vida. Buscamos establecer una sociedad donde la paz y la justicia, la alegría y la aceptación, la comprensión y el perdón, la reconciliación y las relaciones, se conviertan en la consecuencia de nuestra llamada franciscana. (Artículo de la regla # 14)

 

Como franciscanos nuestro servicio:

Se logra mediante la fidelidad a nuestra Regla y nuestro esfuerzo por dar testimonio del Evangelio. (Regla OFS Art. 11)

• Está influenciado por nuestro Fundador — St. Francis

• Llevamos el espíritu franciscano a todo lo que hacemos.

• Este es nuestro regalo a la iglesia.

• La formación inicial y permanente nos mantiene informados y atentos a nuestro carisma

• Servimos a la Iglesia y al mundo con espíritu franciscano.

 

Nuestra Regla y Constituciones explican la forma en que el Espíritu desea que hagamos la voluntad de Dios. Nos ayudan a edificar el reino de Dios como estamos llamados a hacerlo mediante el bautismo. Lea especialmente los artículos 4, 5, 8 y 13 de la Regla.

(Continuará la próxima semana)

Para platicar o para responder en su diario:

+ ¿Cómo lleva usted la palabra y la presencia de Dios a los demás? ¿Bajo qué circunstancias?

+ ¿En qué momentos le resulta particularmente difícil vivir el Evangelio en su estado secular?

+ ¿Qué tres cosas se destacan en los artículos 4, 5, 8 y 13? ¿Por qué son importantes para nosotros como franciscanos seglares?

 

 
Diane F. Menditto, OFS
Chair, National Formation Commission
Formation Director, Our Lady of the Angels Region
Formation Director, St. Francis Fraternity, Hackensack, NJ
 

National Minister’s Message – Who We Are

(This article also appeared in the Fall 2021 Issue of the TAU-USA #104)

by Jan Parker OFS

Three years ago, I made a Visitation to Tau Cross Regional Fraternity. Something happened during that visit that made quite an impact, and I have remembered it ever since. Our ongoing formation topic that day was the OFS Rule. I was interested in what the Rule meant to those gathered, so I handed out blank postcards and asked everyone to write down three words – just three words – to describe the Rule. After a few moments, I collected the cards, and then chose some to share with the group.

As I looked through the cards, there were many good responses. One said:

Gospel. Life. Penance.

Someone else had an interesting take and wrote:

Spiritual. Orderly. Concise.

But one card stood out among all the others. In large letters it simply said,

Who we are.

I smiled, because to me those three words describe our Rule perfectly. Ever since that day, I have kept that card inside my little red Rule book as a reminder that this is my goal – to make the Rule “who I am.”

This year the Secular Franciscan Order (OFS) is celebrating a remarkable anniversary. The year 2021 marks the 800th anniversary of Memoriale Propositi, a document that was inspirational at the beginning of our way of life. We share this anniversary with our dear brothers and sisters of the Third Order Regular (TOR).

I must admit that when I first heard of the anniversary of Memoriale Propositi, I had to think twice. I recalled that it is mentioned in our Rule[1], but what is this document? How do you even pronounce it? And what exactly does it 1 have to do with our way of life? A brief search on the CIOFS website brought me to a collection of videos and articles that helped answer those questions. I invite you to view those videos and study the articles for yourself, as these resources have certainly deepened my appreciation of this anniversary[2].

In the first CIOFS article I read, I learned the historical framework of Memoriale Propositi. It was in looking at that history that I realized anew the great debt of gratitude we owe to our founder. What led up to the birth of the first Franciscan order of penitents is interesting. Clearly, the penitential movement in the Church had existed since ancient times, but it was not without struggle. Prior to St. Francis, the movement underwent many reforms and renewals, often in reaction to difficult situations that existed within the Church. Sadly, penitent reformers tended to promote attitudes in opposition to the Church, at times even advocating heretical beliefs.

St. Francis’ approach was different and original. Laity were attracted to his example, and many came to embrace his “propositum vitae” – this new way of life, based on the exhortations summarized by Francis in his Letter to All the Faithful. They joined together, while not necessarily living together, to form fraternities of both genders, married or celibate, to support each other in living this life of conversion. The members of these penitential groups did not exclude contact with the outside world, but, like Francis, they embraced the world, performed works of mercy, spread the joy of the Gospel, and delighted in the intimacy of relationships with the Lord and with each other.

A Most Luminous Proposal

It will be the extraordinary human and religious example of St. Francis of Assisi that will bring to an end the long process of renewal of the penitential state. “In him it is possible to grasp at the same time the summit of the most authentic human and Christian aspirations for the laity and the most luminous proposal for a solution…” (Fr. Prospero Rivi, OFM Cap., Francis of Assisi, p. 72.)

From the CIOFS 1st Contribution on the Memoriale Propositi

The Church took notice and in 1221 issued the Memoriale Propositi, the name of which can mean “document for a project of life.” Although this is a generic document that was given to penitents for all time, it truly is the inspirational document of our current OFS Rule. This document outlines the spiritual life of the first brothers and sisters of penance.

We need only look at the text of the Memoriale Propositi to find the similarity with our current Rule. The Memoriale describes what daily life should look like and how we should pray along with the Church and partake in the Sacraments. It describes the monthly meeting and calls all to practice works of mercy. It delineates the formation process and how one is to be received into the Order. Lastly, it has a section on the holding of offices, the correction of members, and dispensation of obligations. The parallels with our current Rule are amazing to be sure[3].

 

How to Celebrate the 800th Anniversary of Memoriale Propositi?

(1) Read, study, and live the Rule. Begin with the Prologue, for there we hear from Francis himself. Francis was meticulous in avoiding distractions. Let’s focus on who we are called to be and be careful about making excuses.

(2) Ongoing formation. There are at least six different “ready to go” exercises on the OFS Rule posted on our website[4]. Check in with your Regional Formation Director (RFD) as well. The National Formation workshop, held in August 2021, focused on the Rule, and your RFD will have additional resources that were shared at that time.

(3) Join with our worldwide Secular Franciscan Order in making this a year-long celebration. Join the OFSUSA as we gather for a grand finale of this anniversary at the 2022 Quinquennial Congress. You won’t want to miss it!

Memoriale Propositi makes a connection between what motivated the earliest Brothers and Sisters of Penance and what should motivate us. Our rule today continues to propel us on this beautiful trajectory, a way of life that has flourished for 800 years. This truly is God’s project. Our OFS Rule that we hold in our hands, and in our hearts, is our life. It is, as was shared on that postcard, “who we are.”

It’s been an amazing 800 years, but what is ahead for “who we are”? The future of the Secular Franciscan Order is in our hands.

 

 

[1] OFS Rule: Article 3: “The present rule, succeeding “Memoriale Propositi” (1221) and the rules approved by the Supreme Pontiffs Nicholas IV and Leo XIII, adapts the Secular Franciscan Order to the needs and expectations of the Holy Church in the conditions of changing times…”

[2]  To access the resources from the International Council, go to www.ciofs.info. Type “Memoriale” in the search bar, then click on the photos.  You will need to return to the search results to access each offering.

[3] To see the text and analysis of the Memoriale Propositi, go to www.ciofs.info. Type in “Reflections on Memoriale,” then click on the photo 3 that appears, and scroll down to “Text and Analysis”  

[4] Go to www.secularfranciscansusa.org. On the home page, click on Resources, then Formation, then Ongoing Formation, then “OFS Rule Formation Materials.” You might also check with your Regional Formation Director. The National Formation Director workshop held in August 2021, focused on the Rule, and additional resources were shared at that time.

https://secularfranciscansusa.org/2021/10/18/national-ministers-message-who-we-are/

Open post

FORMATION FRIDAY – Our Identity Part 1 of 3 – October 15, 2021

 

Dear Brothers and Sisters, 

Today’s lesson discusses our identity as Catholics and Franciscans.  This is the first of a three-part series that can be used for personal reflection.  You may use it for Ongoing Formation along with parts 2 and 3 which will come in the coming weeks.  As always, discussion questions are included with these lessons so that you will be able to quickly use them at your next Gathering.
Peace, Dona
 
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Our Identity as Catholics and as Secular Franciscans (Part 1 of 3)

[For personal formation take each part separately. For ongoing formation, all three parts will be useful when presented together and discussed.]

Refer to Anne Mulqueen, OFS-FUN Manual-Our Identity as a Secular Franciscan

 “Identity as a person is impossible to define definitively because each one that God creates is unique and unrepeatable. God calls us by name, and one of the sweetest sounds to anyone’s ears is the sound of their name.”

 

Faith, values, passions, what we do, whom we are related to, our associations, and many other things make up our identity. Here are some questions Anne offers us about identity in general. We can ask ourselves:

 

·        “Who am I?” God has a purpose for us.

·        “Who are we?” Church—we use our gifts for the good of all.

·        “What is my purpose?” We are to proclaim that Christ is present among us through our behavior and our words.

·        “To whom do I belong?” We belong to God; we belong to the Franciscan family; we belong to those we love and those we serve.

As Catholic Christians—through Baptism:

·        We are members of the community of believers

·        We have the responsibility to listen to and implement the word of God

·        We receive the gifts of the Holy Spirit

·        We receive the fruits of the Holy Spirit

·        We go forth as witnesses and instruments of the Church’s mission.

·        We offer ourselves and our activities to God as a spiritual sacrifice.  

·        We are invited to prophetic service

·        We accept the word of God

·        We are faithful in living the Gospel

·        We bear witness to the world to God’s way of achieving peace, joy, love, and justice.

·        We are given a place in the Kingdom of God and its mission

 

Within our identity as Catholic Christians, we will find the makings of a Secular Franciscan.
(To be continued)

 

For discussion or to be answered in your journal:

+Look at the first section above. Think about, then answer the four questions listed.

+What are the gifts of the Holy Spirit? (Look them up if you’re not sure.) Which gifts are strong in you?

+What are the fruits of the Holy Spirit? Which of these fruits are most evident in you?

+According to the bullets presented above, how are you living out your commitment as a Catholic? Give some examples.

++++++++++++++++++

Nuestra identidad como católicos y franciscanos seglares (Parte 1 de 3)
Por favor, compartir con su fraternidad.

[Para la formación personal tomar cada parte por separado. Para la formación permanente, las tres partes serán útiles cuando se presenten juntas y se discutan.]

Consulte Anne Mulqueen, OFS-FUN Manual-Our Identity as a Secular Franciscan

“La identidad como persona es imposible de definir definitivamente porque cada uno que Dios crea es único e irrepetible. Dios nos llama por nuestro nombre, y uno de los sonidos más dulces para los oídos de cualquiera es el sonido de su nombre “.

La fe, los valores, las pasiones, lo que hacemos, con quién nos relacionamos, nuestras asociaciones y muchas otras cosas conforman nuestra identidad. Aquí hay algunas preguntas que Anne nos ofrece sobre la identidad en general. Podemos preguntarnos:

 

•”¿Quién soy?” Dios tiene un propósito para nosotros.

•”¿Quienes somos?” Iglesia: utilizamos nuestros dones individuales para el bien de todos.

• “¿Cuál es mi propósito?” Debemos proclamar que Cristo está presente entre nosotros a través de nuestro comportamiento y nuestras palabras.

• “¿A quién pertenezco?” Pertenecemos a Dios; pertenecemos a la familia franciscana; pertenecemos a aquellos a quienes amamos y a quienes servimos.

 

Como cristianos católicos, a través del bautismo:

• Somos miembros de la comunidad de creyentes

• Tenemos la responsabilidad de escuchar e implementar la palabra de Dios.

• Recibimos los dones del Espíritu Santo

• Recibimos los frutos del Espíritu Santo

• Salimos como testigos e instrumentos de la misión de la Iglesia.

• Nos ofrecemos a nosotros mismos y nuestras actividades a Dios como sacrificio espiritual.

• Estamos invitados al servicio profético

• Aceptamos la palabra de Dios

• Somos fieles en vivir el Evangelio

• Damos testimonio al mundo de la manera en que Dios logra la paz, la alegría, el amor y la justicia.

• Se nos da un lugar en el Reino de Dios y su misión.

 

Dentro de nuestra identidad personal como cristianos católicos encontraremos los ingredientes de un franciscano seglar.

(Continuará la semana próxima)

Para discusión o para ser respondido en su diario:

+ Mire la primera sección de arriba. Piense y luego responda las cuatro preguntas enumeradas.

+ ¿Cuáles son los dones del Espíritu Santo? (Búsquelos si no está seguro). ¿Qué dones son fuertes en usted?

+ ¿Cuáles son los frutos del Espíritu Santo? ¿Cuáles de estos frutos son más evidentes en usted?

+ Según las viñetas presentadas anteriormente, ¿cómo está viviendo su compromiso como católico? Dé algunos ejemplos.

 
 
Diane F. Menditto, OFS

Chair, National Formation Commission

Formation Director, Our Lady of the Angels Region
Formation Director, St. Francis Fraternity, Hackensack, NJ
 

 

Did You Know – Updated Translations!

“Did you know

there is an updated translation of the OFS Rule, Constitution and Ritual?”

by Jan Parker, National Minister

Does this mean there is a new Rule?

No.  The Rule itself has not changed, meaning that the update did not affect the articles of the Rule.  The General Constitutions and the Ritual have also not changed.

Then why the “update”?

What is different now in the Rule and Constitution?

The updates were made taking into consideration the new English translation of the Early Sources found in the three-volume series, Francis of Assisi: Early Documents (FA:ED), edited by Regis Armstrong, OFM Cap., Wayne Hellmann, OFM Conv., and William J Short, OFM, published between 1999-2001.  Incorporating the new translation only affected the Prologue of the Rule and the footnotes.   The Prologue is from the new translation, and is slightly different from how it was previously written.  The footnotes now reference the three-volume series of FA:ED, which is very helpful.  The Constitutions also incorporate new footnotes referencing FA:ED.

Remember that St. Pope John Paul II encouraged us to “Study, love, live the Rule of the Secular Franciscan Order!”   A list of wonderful  ongoing formation resources on the Rule  can be found on our website: (https://secularfranciscansusa.org/the-rule-of-the-secular-franciscan-order/

This is also a good opportunity to remind you that all the early source writings can be accessed online courtesy of the Commission on the Franciscan Intellectual-Spiritual Tradition (CFIT).  

Here is the  Franciscan Intellectual Tradition  

(https://www.franciscantradition.org/early-sources)

Here you can find everything written by Francis, Clare, Celano, Bonaventure and more.  The website gives an instructional video on how to search for a particular passage.

https://secularfranciscansusa.org/2021/10/13/did-you-know-updated-translations/

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Juan de Padilla